Addiction is a biopsychosocial disorder characterized by compulsive engagement in rewarding stimuli despite adverse consequences.
Drug addiction, also called substance use disorder, is a disease that affects a person’s brain and behavior and leads to an inability to control the use of a legal or illegal drug or medication.
Signs of addiction include tolerance, a loss of control over how much or how often using an obsession with the substance, abandoning events and activities that used to enjoy, and continuing to use drugs even though they have had negative effects on individuals life. Anyone who begins to experience symptoms of withdrawal whether mild or severe in the absence of the substance, is likely dependent on the substance.
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Like many other mental and physical health problems, multiple factors can and usually do contribute to drug addiction. The most frequently observed contributing causes of drug addiction include:
Family history : Drug addiction runs through families, perhaps in part for genetic reasons, and in part due to environmental influence. If the individual have a blood relative who is addicted, especially a parent or full sibling then there are chances of higher risk for drug addiction.
Mental health problems : Suffering from a mental health problem, whether or not it has been diagnosed, there will be the chances of higher risk for addiction. Mental health problems include anxiety, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, bipolar personality disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), to name a few.
Adverse childhood experiences : Adverse childhood experiences such as emotional, physical, or sexual abuse increase the risk for drug addiction.
Social pressure : Social pressure from peers and friends is a serious risk factor, especially for young people in danger of starting to abuse drugs.
Lack of family support or involvement : Lacking of family support will develop a higher risk for drug addiction. In children this is especially true and extends to a lack of supervision.
Early use of drugs : Individual who begin to use and abuse drugs earlier in life are at a higher risk for addiction.
Use of drugs that are highly addictive : Drugs such as cocaine, stimulants, or opioids, can cause addiction more readily than other substances. Injecting or smoking drugs can also increase the risk of addiction.
Management
Several therapies exist for treating substance use disorder. Even for a severe disorder, treatment can help. Individual will receive a combination of these therapies:
Detoxification : Stop taking drugs, allowing the drugs to leave the body. It may need healthcare supervision to detox safely.
Medication-assisted therapies : During detox, medicine can help control cravings and relieve withdrawal symptoms.
Behavioral therapies : Cognitive behavioral therapy or other psychotherapy (talk therapy) can help deal with addiction’s cause. Therapy also helps to build self-esteem and teaches healthy coping mechanisms.
Team of Psychiatrists and Clinical Psychologists at Nirvan Hospital are proven experts in management of Addiction Disorders. Nirvan has been awarded as Most Promising Neuro-Psychiatric and De-Addiction Hospital in India in 2019 at an event in New Delhi.
